LiveOne, Inc. (LVO): Análise de Pestle [Jan-2025 Atualizado]

No cenário de entretenimento digital em rápida evolução, a LiveOne, Inc. (LVO) está em uma interseção crítica de inovação tecnológica e complexidade do mercado. Essa análise abrangente de pilotes investiga profundamente os fatores externos multifacetados que moldam a trajetória estratégica da empresa, revelando uma exploração diferenciada da dinâmica política, econômica, sociológica, tecnológica, legal e ambiental que pode influenciar drasticamente o desempenho futuro de LiveOne e o posicionamento competitivo no ecossistema de mídia digital .

LiveOne, Inc. (LVO) - Análise de Pestle: Fatores Políticos

Possíveis desafios regulatórios na mídia digital e na indústria de streaming

A LiveOne, Inc. enfrenta possíveis desafios regulatórios em várias jurisdições:

Órgão regulatório	Impacto potencial	Risco de conformidade
FCC	Restrições de licenciamento de conteúdo	Médio
Sec	Requisitos de relatórios financeiros	Alto
Coppa	Proteção de dados do usuário	Alto

Impacto do licenciamento de conteúdo e leis de direitos autorais

O cenário atual de direitos autorais apresenta desafios significativos:

• Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) Custos de conformidade: US $ 250.000 anualmente
• Disputas legais potenciais: 3-5 casos de violação de direitos autorais por ano
• Custo médio de liquidação por caso: US $ 75.000

Tensões geopolíticas que afetam a distribuição de conteúdo

Região	Nível de restrição de conteúdo	Impacto potencial da receita
China	Extremo	-US $ 2,3 milhões em potencial perda de receita
Rússia	Alto	-US $ 1,7 milhão em potencial perda de receita
UE	Moderado	-US $ 850.000 potencial impacto na receita

Mecrutal governamental de plataformas de entretenimento digital

Principais áreas de monitoramento governamental:

• Orçamento de conformidade com privacidade de dados: US $ 450.000 anualmente
• Investimento de segurança cibernética: US $ 350.000 por ano
• Frequência de auditoria regulatória antecipada: 2-3 vezes anualmente

LiveOne, Inc. (LVO) - Análise de Pestle: Fatores Econômicos

Receita de publicidade flutuante no mercado de mídia digital

A LiveOne, Inc. relatou receita de publicidade digital de US $ 12,3 milhões no terceiro trimestre de 2023, representando uma diminuição de 15,2% de US $ 14,5 milhões no terceiro trimestre de 2022. As tendências do mercado de publicidade digital mostram volatilidade com gastos com publicidade digital global projetados estimados em US $ 627,7 bilhões em 2024.

Ano	Receita de anúncios digitais	Mudança de ano a ano
2022	US $ 58,6 milhões	-7.3%
2023	US $ 52,4 milhões	-10.6%

Dinâmica de gastos com assinatura do consumidor

A receita de assinatura da LiveOne foi de US $ 37,8 milhões em 2023, com tendências de gastos com consumidores indicando possíveis desafios. As despesas médias mensais de assinatura para serviços de entretenimento digital diminuíram de US $ 15,40 em 2022 para US $ 14,20 em 2023.

Cenário competitivo de serviços de streaming

O mercado de entretenimento digital demonstra intensa concorrência com a seguinte distribuição de participação de mercado:

Empresa	Quota de mercado	Base de assinante
Spotify	32%	551 milhões
Música da Apple	15%	80 milhões
LiveOne	3.5%	1,2 milhão

Impacto econômico de desaceleração nas despesas de entretenimento

Os gastos discricionários do consumidor em serviços de entretenimento projetados para diminuir em 6,2% em 2024. A exposição potencial da receita da LiveOne estimada em US $ 4,7 milhões com base nos indicadores atuais de mercado.

Indicador econômico	2023 valor	2024 Projeção
Redução de gastos com entretenimento	4.8%	6.2%
Impacto potencial da receita	US $ 3,2 milhões	US $ 4,7 milhões

LiveOne, Inc. (LVO) - Análise de pilão: Fatores sociais

Mudança de preferências do consumidor para conteúdo digital sob demanda

De acordo com a Statista, as receitas globais de mídia digital atingiram US $ 292 bilhões em 2023, com plataformas de streaming representando 45% do consumo total de conteúdo digital. A plataforma digital da LiveOne experimentou um crescimento de 22% no terceiro trimestre de 2023, refletindo a crescente tendência do consumo de conteúdo sob demanda.

Segmento de conteúdo digital	Participação de mercado 2023	Crescimento ano a ano
Streaming de música	37%	15.3%
Streaming de podcast	18%	22.7%
Streaming de eventos ao vivo	12%	28.6%

Crescente demanda por experiências personalizadas de entretenimento

A Nielsen relata que 73% dos consumidores preferem recomendações personalizadas de conteúdo. Os dados do usuário do LiveOne indicam um aumento de 35% no envolvimento do usuário quando as sugestões personalizadas de conteúdo são implementadas.

Métrica de personalização	Performance ao vivo	Média da indústria
Aumentar o engajamento do usuário	35%	27%
Precisão da recomendação de conteúdo	82%	68%

Importância crescente da integração de mídia social em plataformas digitais

O relatório 2023 da Hootsuite indica que 68% dos consumidores de mídia digital preferem plataformas com recursos de compartilhamento de mídia social sem costura. Os recursos de integração de mídia social da LiveOne impulsionaram um aumento de 41% no compartilhamento de conteúdo gerado pelo usuário.

Métrica de integração de mídia social	Performance ao vivo	Referência da indústria
Aumento de compartilhamento social	41%	29%
Aquisição de usuário em plataforma cruzada	26%	18%

Mudança demográfica do consumo de mídia digital

O entretenimento global da PWC & O Media Outlook 2023-2027 revela que a geração Z e a geração do milênio agora representam 62% do consumo de conteúdo digital. A base de usuários da LiveOne reflete essa tendência, com 58% dos usuários de 18 a 35 anos.

Faixa etária	Porcentagem de usuário ao vivo	Consumo global de mídia digital
18-24 anos	32%	28%
25-35 anos	26%	34%
36-45 anos	22%	21%
46 anos ou mais	20%	17%

LiveOne, Inc. (LVO) - Análise de Pestle: Fatores tecnológicos

Inovação tecnológica contínua em recursos de plataforma de streaming

A infraestrutura tecnológica da LiveOne, a partir de 2024, demonstra investimentos significativos nos recursos de streaming:

Métrica de tecnologia	Dados específicos
Largura de banda da plataforma de streaming	Streaming de resolução de até 4K
Capacidade simultânea do usuário	175.000 fluxos simultâneos
Rede de entrega de conteúdo (CDN) Alcance	37 Locais globais de data center
Latência de streaming	Menos de 2 segundos

Inteligência artificial e aprendizado de máquina para recomendação de conteúdo

Os sistemas de recomendação orientados pela IA no LiveOne Utilizam algoritmos avançados:

Métrica de desempenho da IA	Dados quantitativos
Precisão da recomendação	87,3% de taxa de correspondência de conteúdo do usuário
Complexidade do modelo de aprendizado de máquina	2,6 milhões de parâmetros Rede Neural
Análise de conteúdo diário	1.4 Petabytes de dados de interação do usuário

Tecnologias emergentes na entrega de conteúdo de mídia digital

A adoção tecnológica do LiveOne inclui:

• Tecnologia de streaming WebRTC
• Otimização de rede 5G
• Infraestrutura de computação de borda
• Protocolos de streaming de taxa de bits adaptáveis

Desafios de segurança cibernética em plataformas de conteúdo digital

Métrica de segurança	Dados quantitativos
Investimento anual de segurança cibernética	US $ 3,2 milhões
Capacidade de proteção de DDoS	Capacidade de mitigação de 500 Gbps
Padrão de criptografia	Criptografia de ponta a ponta AES-256
Incidentes anuais de segurança	12 detectados, 0 violações bem -sucedidas

LiveOne, Inc. (LVO) - Análise de Pestle: Fatores Legais

Direitos de propriedade intelectual em andamento e negociações de licenciamento

A LiveOne, Inc. relatou 25 acordos ativos de licenciamento de propriedade intelectual a partir do quarto trimestre 2023. O portfólio legal da empresa inclui 17 marcas registradas e 8 pedidos de patentes pendentes relacionados às tecnologias de streaming de música digital.

Categoria IP	Contagem total	Registrado	Pendente
Marcas comerciais	17	12	5
Patentes	8	3	5

Conformidade com os regulamentos de privacidade de dados

A LiveOne gastou US $ 1,2 milhão em conformidade com a privacidade de dados em 2023, atendendo aos requisitos do CCPA e GDPR. A empresa mantém Certificação ISO 27001 para gerenciamento de segurança da informação.

Desafios legais potenciais no licenciamento e distribuição de conteúdo

Atualmente, o LiveOne gerencia 3 disputas legais em andamento relacionadas aos direitos de distribuição de conteúdo, com possíveis custos de litígio estimados em US $ 750.000. A empresa possui 10 negociações de licenciamento de conteúdo ativo em vários gêneros musicais.

Categoria de disputa legal	Número de casos	Custos legais estimados
Direitos de distribuição de conteúdo	3	$750,000
Negociações de licenciamento	10	$450,000

Direitos musicais e complexidades de gerenciamento de royalties

LiveOne processou US $ 22,3 milhões em royalties de música durante 2023, com 97,4% de precisão na distribuição de royalties. A empresa utiliza rastreamento baseado em blockchain para 62% de seus processos de gerenciamento de royalties.

Métrica de gerenciamento de royalties	2023 desempenho
Royalties totais processados	$22,300,000
Precisão da distribuição de royalties	97.4%
Cobertura de rastreamento de blockchain	62%

LiveOne, Inc. (LVO) - Análise de Pestle: Fatores Ambientais

Consumo de energia da infraestrutura de streaming digital

A infraestrutura de streaming digital da LiveOne consome cerca de 2,5 megawatts de eletricidade anualmente. As redes de transmissão de dados e entrega de conteúdo da empresa exigem recursos de energia significativos.

Componente de infraestrutura	Consumo anual de energia (MWH)	Emissões de carbono estimadas (toneladas métricas CO2)
Servidores de streaming	1,200	840
Redes de entrega de conteúdo	850	595
Data centers	450	315

Pegada de carbono de data centers e entrega de conteúdo digital

A infraestrutura digital da LiveOne gera aproximadamente 1.750 toneladas de emissões de CO2 anualmente. A pegada de carbono da empresa é impulsionada principalmente pelas operações do servidor e pela infraestrutura de rede.

Fonte de emissão	Emissões anuais de carbono (toneladas métricas CO2)	Porcentagem do total de emissões
Operações do servidor	840	48%
Transmissão de rede	595	34%
Sistemas de resfriamento	315	18%

Investimentos em potencial em soluções de tecnologia sustentável

A LiveOne alocou US $ 3,2 milhões para investimentos em tecnologia sustentável em 2024. As áreas potenciais de investimento incluem:

• Infraestrutura do servidor com eficiência energética
• Compras de energia renovável
• Programas de compensação de carbono
• Tecnologias de data center Green

Categoria de investimento	Orçamento alocado (USD)	Redução esperada de carbono
Servidores com eficiência energética	1,500,000	Redução de 25%
Créditos energéticos renováveis	850,000	40% de deslocamento
Atualizações de data center verdes	850,000	20% de melhoria de eficiência

Iniciativas de sustentabilidade corporativa no setor de mídia digital

A LiveOne se comprometeu a reduzir suas emissões de carbono em 30% até 2026, com um investimento inicial de US $ 5,7 milhões em programas de sustentabilidade.

Iniciativa de Sustentabilidade	Investimento (USD)	Ano de conclusão do alvo
Programa de neutralidade de carbono	2,300,000	2026
Transição de energia renovável	1,900,000	2025
Adoção de tecnologia sustentável	1,500,000	2024

LiveOne, Inc. (LVO) - PESTLE Analysis: Social factors

The social landscape for LiveOne is defintely favorable, driven by a global shift toward personalized, on-demand digital entertainment and a clear willingness from consumers to engage with ad-supported models to manage price sensitivity. This environment has fueled substantial user growth, with the combined subscriber and ad-supported user base surpassing 1.3 million as of March 20, 2025, representing a massive 130% increase since the start of the year.

Consumer demand for curated, niche content validates the PodcastOne business model.

The social trend of seeking out highly specific, curated content-niche programming-is the core engine for PodcastOne. Consumers are moving away from broad, one-size-fits-all media, preferring to follow individual creators and specific topics. This is evident in the subsidiary's performance, which reported a record Fiscal 2025 revenue of $52.1 million. The network's ability to attract and retain top talent has resulted in a community of over 200 podcasters, validating the platform's focus on quality, diversified audio content.

Here's the quick math on PodcastOne's reach, reflecting this social demand:

• U.S. Unique Monthly Audience (Jan 2025): 5.2 million
• U.S. Downloads & Streams (Jan 2025): 16.2 million
• Total Network Downloads: Surpassed 3.9 billion

Shifting to ad-supported models reflects user price sensitivity.

The market is showing a clear preference for free, ad-supported streaming over paid subscriptions, indicating a widespread price sensitivity among digital media consumers. LiveOne is capitalizing on this by strategically expanding its ad-supported base, particularly through major B2B partnerships. For instance, the number of Tesla ad-supported users alone surpassed 1 million in 2025. This massive influx provides a huge top-of-funnel audience for eventual conversion.

To be fair, the company is still focused on converting these free users to higher-margin paid subscribers. They are using sophisticated AI-driven marketing (AI-driven marketing) to target these users, which has already yielded significant results:

Metric	Improvement/Value (2025 Data)	Source
Ad-Supported Users (Total)	Over 1.3 million (as of March 20, 2025)
Increase in ARPU (Average Revenue Per User)	60% (to over $5)
Boost in Premium Conversions	Over 22%

Growing global audience and the LiveOneAfrica launch targets over 100M new subscribers.

The appetite for digital entertainment is global, and LiveOne is making a decisive move to capture a massive emerging market. The launch of the subsidiary LiveOneAfrica, in partnership with Virtuosity Music Group, is a direct response to this social trend of global digital adoption. This strategic expansion is targeting a market with over 100 million subscribers and is projected to generate over $500 million in revenues. This is a huge bet on the future of African youth culture and digital connectivity.

The digital-first culture defintely favors live-streaming and on-demand audio.

The modern consumer is digital-first, expecting content to be available instantly, anywhere, and often live. LiveOne's core business-delivering premium livestreams, digital media, and original content-is perfectly aligned with this social norm. The company's overall user growth of 130% in early 2025 is a testament to this cultural shift, showing that their platform is resonating with the way people consume music and entertainment today. You simply can't ignore the demand for on-demand audio and live events anymore. The company is also planning a new B2B partnership that will reach an additional 30 million+ monthly paying subscribers, further cementing its position in this digital ecosystem.

LiveOne, Inc. (LVO) - PESTLE Analysis: Technological factors

Aggressive AI adoption reduced annualized operating costs by ~$40 million

You need to see where technology moves from a cost center to a core efficiency driver, and LiveOne, Inc. (LVO) is a defintely clear example of that. The company's aggressive push into artificial intelligence (AI) and automation is not just a buzzword; it's a financial necessity that has translated into massive cost savings.

Since December 2024, the business has realized an annualized reduction in operating costs of over $40 million. This is a direct result of streamlining operations, consolidating non-core business units, and replacing manual processes with AI-driven tools. Here's the quick math: that $40 million in savings provides a significant buffer to their fiscal 2025 consolidated revenue of $114.4 million, fundamentally changing the profitability outlook.

AI-driven marketing increased Average Revenue Per User (ARPU) by 60% to over $5

The tech story isn't just about cutting costs; it's also about growing revenue per customer. LiveOne's partnership with AI platforms like Intuizi, utilizing a Large Quantitative Model (LQM) for customer acquisition, has been a game-changer for monetization.

This AI-driven marketing strategy has increased the Average Revenue Per User (ARPU) by a substantial 60%. Previously, the ARPU baseline was around $3, but the new AI-optimized conversion funnels, particularly within the automotive segment like the Tesla ad-supported users (which surpassed 1 million), have pushed ARPU to over $5. That's a powerful return on a technology investment.

Metric	Pre-AI Benchmark (Approx.)	Q2 Fiscal 2026 (Nov 2025) Result	Change/Impact
Annualized Operating Cost Reduction	N/A	Over $40 million	Significant efficiency gain since Dec 2024
Average Revenue Per User (ARPU)	~$3	Over $5	60% increase due to AI marketing
Workforce Size	~350 (Initial)	95	73% reduction, driven by automation
Tesla Ad-Supported Users	N/A	Over 1 million	Key AI-driven conversion base

Workforce reduction from 300+ to 95 employees shows reliance on automation

The most tangible sign of LiveOne's reliance on automation is the dramatic reduction in its human capital footprint. The company has aggressively right-sized its operations, cutting staff from an initial count of around 350 employees to just 95 by November 2025. That's a reduction of approximately 73%.

This isn't a sign of business failure; it's a strategic pivot where technology is directly replacing labor in areas like marketing, operations, and corporate overhead. This staff reduction from 350 to 95 is a clear, decisive action that shows how deeply integrated AI and automation are in the core business model, allowing the company to operate leaner and focus on high-margin B2B deals.

Competition from larger platforms (Spotify, Apple) necessitates continuous product innovation

LiveOne operates in a market dominated by giants. Spotify holds the leading market share at approximately 35% in 2025, and Apple Music follows with around 20%. LiveOne can't compete on scale, so it must win on niche focus and technological innovation.

Their innovation strategy centers on B2B partnerships and leveraging their technology for unique distribution. The company is available on major platforms like Spotify and Apple TV, but its core strength lies in its proprietary Slacker technology and its PodcastOne subsidiary.

The need for continuous innovation is critical and is currently focused on:

• Accelerating B2B monetization, with over $52 million in contracted revenues from seven major deals closed in the past 12 months.
• Expanding the Amazon partnership from a $16.5 million three-year deal to a $20 million+ annual run rate.
• Boosting Plus/Premium conversions by over 22% using AI-driven intelligence.

If they stop innovating, they get crushed. Simple as that.

LiveOne, Inc. (LVO) - PESTLE Analysis: Legal factors

You're running a digital media business, so the legal landscape isn't a static set of rules; it's a dynamic operational cost, and for LiveOne, Inc. (LVO), it's a constant battleground. The core challenge is simple: your entire revenue stream is built on other people's intellectual property (IP), plus you're a publicly traded company that uses consumer data to drive growth. That means you face a triple threat from licensing, securities compliance, and data privacy laws. You have to spend money to make money, and you defintely have to spend money to stay out of court.

Complex music and podcast licensing (IP) laws are a constant operational cost and risk.

The biggest legal drain for a streaming platform is the intricate web of intellectual property (IP) laws that govern music and podcast content. LiveOne must secure performance rights, mechanical licenses, and synchronization rights from a multitude of entities-labels, publishers, and performance rights organizations (PROs) like ASCAP, BMI, and SoundExchange. This isn't a one-time fee; it's a perpetual, high-volume royalty expense that directly impacts your gross margin.

Here's the quick math: managing these relationships is so critical that in January 2025, LiveOne announced it was extending $5 million in payables to long-term, which specifically included amounts owed to entities like SoundExchange. This move shows the sheer scale of these ongoing licensing obligations and the need to manage them strategically to strengthen the balance sheet. The complexity is compounded because a significant portion of the Audio Division's preliminary Fiscal Year 2025 revenue-over $108 million of the total $112 million-is directly dependent on these licenses being in good standing. One clean one-liner: Licensing is the cost of entry, not a one-off expense.

The reverse stock split was executed to address Nasdaq listing requirements.

Securities law compliance became a near-term existential issue for LiveOne in 2025. The company was facing a delisting threat from the Nasdaq Stock Market for failing to maintain the minimum $1.00 bid price requirement. To fix this, the Board of Directors approved a one-for-ten reverse stock split. This corporate action, effective on September 26, 2025, consolidated every ten existing shares into one new share, immediately boosting the per-share price to regain compliance. By October 14, 2025, the stock was successfully trading at $4.18, having met the minimum bid price requirement for the prescribed number of consecutive business days. This was a necessary, though often investor-unpopular, legal maneuver to preserve the company's access to the capital markets.

Compliance Action	Effective Date	Ratio/Requirement	Result (as of Oct 2025)
Nasdaq Minimum Bid Price	N/A	$1.00 minimum	Regained compliance
Reverse Stock Split	September 26, 2025	One-for-ten (1:10)	Stock price at $4.18

Data privacy regulations (e.g., CCPA) govern the use of consumer signals for AI marketing.

LiveOne's strategic pivot toward AI-driven marketing and data monetization puts it squarely in the crosshairs of evolving data privacy regulations, particularly the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA). The company's success relies on using consumer signals to increase average revenue per user (ARPU) and subscription conversions. For instance, AI-driven marketing efforts boosted Premium conversions by over 22% in the first half of Fiscal Year 2026, and increased ARPU by 60% (to over $5). But this powerful use of data demands strict adherence to consumer rights.

What this estimate hides is the rising compliance cost. New and proposed CCPA regulations in late 2025 are expanding consumer rights, making compliance more complex:

• Expanded right to delete personal data, including data held by third parties.
• New requirements for businesses to offer multiple submission methods for privacy requests.
• Increased enforcement risk via a proposed whistleblower program with financial awards.

International copyright rules complicate global expansion efforts like LiveOneAfrica.

The plan to launch the subsidiary LiveOneAfrica, in partnership with Virtuosity Music Group, is a major growth opportunity, but it's a legal minefield. Expanding into Africa means navigating a patchwork of local copyright laws and international treaties, which differ significantly from the US model. The company announced a Letter of Intent (LOI) in October 2025, with UK Structured Finance Ltd planning to raise $20 million to support the buildout of digital infrastructure, artist partnerships, and localized content in Europe and Africa. This capital raise is defintely needed to cover the significant legal and operational costs of licensing content for a market with over 100 million potential subscribers.

The legal challenge is ensuring that the content rights secured in the US-or even in the UK-are valid and enforceable across dozens of different African jurisdictions. The firm must establish a robust framework for content acquisition and royalty payments that respects local laws, or the entire $20 million investment will be at risk from infringement claims. Finance: Allocate $1.5M of the LiveOneAfrica raise for initial international IP counsel and compliance by Q4 FY2026.

LiveOne, Inc. (LVO) - PESTLE Analysis: Environmental factors

Low direct carbon footprint as a digital-only content platform.

As a digital-first company, LiveOne's direct carbon footprint (Scope 1 and 2 emissions) from corporate offices and owned vehicles is naturally low. This is a clear advantage over physical media or traditional broadcast companies. The primary business is audio streaming via Slacker Radio and PodcastOne, plus video streaming of live events, which means the company avoids the high logistics and manufacturing emissions of physical goods like CDs or vinyl.

Still, this low direct footprint can create a false sense of security. The market is not forgiving of companies that ignore their indirect impact, which is significant for any streaming service.

Indirect energy consumption from data centers for high-volume audio and video streaming.

The real environmental risk for LiveOne lies in its Scope 3 emissions-the energy consumed by the massive cloud infrastructure and data centers that host its content. Global data centers are expected to consume approximately 536 terawatt-hours (TWh) of electricity in 2025, accounting for around 2% of total global electricity use.

The energy cost is directly tied to user behavior and content type. Video streaming, which is a core part of the LiveOne platform, is far more energy-intensive than audio. This is a critical factor for managing the company's carbon profile.

Here's the quick math on the carbon intensity of streaming, which maps directly to LiveOne's product mix:

Content Type	Estimated Carbon Footprint (per hour)	Context
Audio Streaming (e.g., Slacker Radio, PodcastOne)	~1.04 grams of CO2e	Based on 2025 estimates for a major music streaming platform.
Video Streaming (e.g., Live Event Broadcasts)	Up to 175 grams of CO2e	Higher-end industry estimates for video streaming, which can be over 168 times more carbon-intensive than audio.
Global Data Center Consumption (2025)	536 TWh	Expected total electricity consumption for global data centers.

Increasing investor focus on ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) reporting.

Investor scrutiny on environmental factors has never been higher, moving from a niche concern to a core diligence requirement. ESG-focused institutional investments are forecasted to swell to $33.9 trillion by 2026 globally. LiveOne's ability to attract this capital is directly tied to its transparency.

To be fair, investors are demanding more than just a narrative now; they want quantifiable data. 79% of investors consider how a company handles ESG risks and opportunities as crucial in their investment choices, and over 70% believe ESG should be part of the core business strategy. Without public, verifiable environmental metrics for FY2025, LiveOne risks exclusion from a growing pool of ESG-mandated funds.

• Quantify energy use; investors demand it.
• Link cloud provider's renewable energy use to LVO's carbon offset.
• Establish a clear, auditable Scope 3 emissions baseline.

Live event production still carries a travel and waste impact that needs mitigation.

While streaming is the main business, LiveOne still engages in live event production and partnerships, which reintroduces traditional environmental liabilities. The carbon footprint of a live music event is substantial, primarily driven by audience travel.

For an 'average' show of about 10,000 people, the total carbon footprint is estimated to be around 527 metric tons of carbon. Critically, fan travel to and from the venue creates an estimated 38 times more emissions than the artist and crew travel, hotel stays, and gear transportation combined.

LiveOne must mitigate this risk by integrating sustainability into its live event contracts and partnerships, focusing on waste management and promoting low-carbon fan travel options. The reputational risk of being associated with a high-impact event is defintely a factor in the current market.