Grupo Aeroportuario del Pacífico, S.A.B. de C.V. (PAC) PESTLE Analysis

Grupo Aeroportuario del Pacífico, S.A.B. de C.V. (PAC): Análisis PESTLE [Actualizado en Ene-2025]

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Grupo Aeroportuario del Pacífico, S.A.B. de C.V. (PAC) PESTLE Analysis

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En el mundo dinámico de la aviación, Grupo Aeroportuario del Pacífico (PAC) se encuentra en la encrucijada de complejos desafíos globales y oportunidades transformadoras. Este análisis integral de la mano presenta el intrincado panorama de los factores que dan forma a la principal compañía de gestión del aeropuerto de México, explorando cómo se cruzan la dinámica política, económica, sociológica, tecnológica, legal y ambiental para influir en su trayectoria estratégica. Desde navegar por la recuperación posterior a la pandemia hasta adoptar innovaciones digitales y prácticas sostenibles, el viaje de PAC refleja los desafíos multifacéticos de la infraestructura del aeropuerto moderna en un mundo cada vez más interconectado.


Grupo Aeroportuario del PacÍiFo, S.A.B. de C.V. (Pac) - Análisis de mortero: factores políticos

Desarrollo de infraestructura del aeropuerto de México influenciado por las políticas gubernamentales

El gobierno mexicano asignó 135.4 mil millones de pesos para la infraestructura de transporte en 2023, y los aeropuertos recibieron una parte significativa de esta inversión. Grupo Aeroportuario del Pacífico administra 12 aeropuertos en México, lo que representa el 34% del tráfico total de pasajeros del país.

Aeropuerto Ubicación Pasajeros anuales (2023)
Aeropuerto internacional de Guadalajara Jalisco 14.2 millones
Aeropuerto Internacional de Los Cabos Baja California Sur 4.9 millones
Aeropuerto internacional de Puerto Vallarta Jalisco 5.6 millones

Cambios potenciales en las regulaciones de aviación que afectan las operaciones del aeropuerto

La Autoridad de Aviación Civil mexicana (DGAC) implementó nuevas regulaciones de seguridad en 2023, impactando las operaciones del aeropuerto. Los cambios regulatorios clave incluyen:

  • Protocolos de detección de seguridad mejorados
  • Requisitos actualizados de cumplimiento ambiental
  • Estándares de mantenimiento e infraestructura más estrictos

La estabilidad política en México impacta la gestión y expansión del aeropuerto

El índice de estabilidad política de México en 2023 fue de 0.52 (en una escala de 0-1), lo que indica una previsibilidad política moderada. Los planes de expansión del aeropuerto de PAC están directamente correlacionados con la estabilidad gubernamental y las estrategias de inversión de infraestructura.

Métrica de estabilidad política Valor 2023
Índice de estabilidad política 0.52
Inversión en infraestructura gubernamental 135.4 mil millones de pesos
Inversión en el sector del aeropuerto 42.3 mil millones de pesos

Las estrategias de inversión de infraestructura del gobierno influyen en el crecimiento de PAC

El Plan Nacional de Infraestructura del Gobierno mexicano 2023-2024 asigna 42.3 mil millones de pesos específicamente al desarrollo de infraestructura del aeropuerto. Los aeropuertos estratégicos de PAC están posicionados para beneficiarse de estas inversiones, con un potencial de crecimiento proyectado del 7,2% en el tráfico de pasajeros.

  • Presupuesto de expansión del aeropuerto de Guadalajara: 12.6 mil millones de pesos
  • Modernización del aeropuerto de Los Cabos: 5.4 mil millones de pesos
  • Actualizaciones de infraestructura del aeropuerto de Puerto Vallarta: 4.200 millones de pesos

Grupo Aeroportuario del PacÍiFo, S.A.B. de C.V. (PAC) - Análisis de mortero: factores económicos

La recuperación económica de México después de la pandemia que afecta la demanda de viajes aéreos

La tasa de crecimiento del PIB de México en 2023 fue de 3.2%. El tráfico de pasajeros en los aeropuertos de PAC en 2023 alcanzó 62.4 millones de pasajeros, lo que representa un aumento del 30.5% de 2022.

Año Tráfico de pasajeros Crecimiento del PIB
2022 47.8 millones 4.8%
2023 62.4 millones 3.2%

Los tipos de cambio fluctuantes impactan los ingresos del aeropuerto internacional

El tipo de cambio USD/MXN promedió 17.12 en 2023. Los ingresos del aeropuerto internacional de PAC en 2023 fueron de 33.5 mil millones de pesos mexicanos, con transacciones en moneda extranjera que representan el 42% de los ingresos totales.

Metría métrica Valor 2023
Tipo de cambio de USD/MXN 17.12
Porcentaje de ingresos en moneda extranjera 42%

La recuperación del sector turístico influye directamente en el tráfico de pasajeros del aeropuerto

Los ingresos turísticos de México en 2023 alcanzaron los $ 25.3 mil millones. Las llegadas de turistas internacionales aumentaron en un 19.7% en comparación con 2022, impactando directamente los volúmenes de pasajeros del aeropuerto de PAC.

Métrico de turismo Valor 2023
Ingresos turísticos $ 25.3 mil millones
Crecimiento de la llegada de turistas internacionales 19.7%

Inversiones económicas en la infraestructura del aeropuerto de apoyo regional de desarrollo

PAC invirtió 4.200 millones de pesos en mejoras en la infraestructura del aeropuerto en 2023. Los proyectos de desarrollo económico regional totalizaron 87.6 mil millones de pesos en los aeropuertos en México.

Categoría de inversión 2023 inversión
Infraestructura del aeropuerto de PAC 4.200 millones de pesos
Desarrollo del aeropuerto regional 87.6 mil millones de pesos

Grupo Aeroportuario del PacÍiFo, S.A.B. de C.V. (Pac) - Análisis de mortero: factores sociales

Aumento de las preferencias de viajes nacionales e internacionales entre la población mexicana

Según la Junta de Turismo mexicano, los pasajeros nacionales de viajes aéreos alcanzaron los 40,2 millones en 2023, con un aumento del 15,2% desde 2022. Los viajes aéreos internacionales desde México crecieron a 26,8 millones de pasajeros en el mismo año.

Categoría de viajes Pasajeros (2023) Crecimiento año tras año
Viajes aéreos nacionales 40.2 millones 15.2%
Viajes aéreos internacionales 26.8 millones 12.7%

Cultivo de la demanda de viajes aéreos de conducción demográfica de clase media

La población de clase media de México alcanzó los 47.3 millones en 2023, lo que representa el 37.2% de la población total. El ingreso familiar promedio anual para segmentos de clase media aumentó a $ 25,600 USD.

Métrico demográfico Valor 2023
Población de clase media 47.3 millones
Porcentaje de población total 37.2%
Ingresos familiares promedio de clase media $ 25,600 USD

Cambios culturales hacia el trabajo remoto que afectan los patrones de viaje de negocios

La adopción de trabajo remoto en México alcanzó el 32.4% en 2023, impactando los viajes de negocios. El gasto de viaje corporativo disminuyó en un 8,6% en comparación con los niveles previos a la pandemia.

Métrica de trabajo remoto Valor 2023
Tasa de adopción de trabajo remoto 32.4%
Cambio de gastos de viajes corporativos -8.6%

Cambios demográficos en México que influyen en las necesidades de transporte aéreo

La población de México alcanzó los 128,9 millones en 2023, con un 68,4% de entre 15 y 64 años. La población urbana aumentó a 84.3 millones, lo que representa el 65.4% de la población total.

Métrico demográfico Valor 2023
Población total 128.9 millones
Población en edad laboral (15-64) 68.4%
Población urbana 84.3 millones
Porcentaje de población urbana 65.4%

Grupo Aeroportuario del PacÍiFo, S.A.B. de C.V. (PAC) - Análisis de mortero: factores tecnológicos

Implementación de tecnologías avanzadas de detección de pasajeros

Grupo Aeroportuario del Pacíforo invirtió $ 12.3 millones en tecnologías de detección avanzada en 2023. La compañía desplegó 24 carriles de detección de seguridad automatizados en su red de 12 aeropuertos en México.

Tipo de tecnología Número de instalaciones Monto de la inversión
Carriles de detección de seguridad automatizados 24 $ 12.3 millones
Sistemas de identificación biométrica 18 $ 7.5 millones
Detección de amenazas con IA 12 $ 5.2 millones

Transformación digital en la gestión del aeropuerto y la experiencia de los pasajeros

La compañía implementó una estrategia integral de transformación digital con $ 22.7 millones invertidos en tecnologías de experiencia de pasajeros. Las iniciativas digitales clave incluyen plataformas de check-in móvil y sistemas de seguimiento de vuelo en tiempo real.

Iniciativa digital Cobertura Tasa de adopción de usuarios
Plataforma de check-in móvil 12 aeropuertos 68%
Seguimiento de vuelo en tiempo real Todos los aeropuertos conectados 72%
Orientación digital 9 aeropuertos principales 55%

Inversión en tecnologías e infraestructura de aviación sostenible

Grupo Aeroportuario del PacÍfico Comprometido $ 45.6 millones para infraestructura tecnológica sostenible en 2023, centrándose en la eficiencia energética y las tecnologías de reducción de carbono.

Tecnología sostenible Inversión Impacto de reducción de carbono
Infraestructura de energía solar $ 18.2 millones 22% de compensación de energía
Flota de vehículos de tierra eléctrica $ 12.4 millones 15% de reducción de emisiones
Sistemas de gestión de energía $ 15 millones 18% de eficiencia energética

Mejoras de ciberseguridad para sistemas digitales del aeropuerto

La empresa asignó $ 9.8 millones a la infraestructura de ciberseguridad En 2023, implementando tecnologías avanzadas de detección de amenazas y protección de datos.

Medida de ciberseguridad Inversión Cobertura de protección
Detección de amenazas avanzadas $ 4.2 millones 100% de cobertura de red
Sistemas de cifrado de datos $ 3.6 millones 95% de protección de datos
Plataforma de respuesta a incidentes $ 2 millones 99.9% de tiempo de actividad del sistema

Grupo Aeroportuario del PacÍiFo, S.A.B. de C.V. (PAC) - Análisis de mortero: factores legales

Cumplimiento de los marcos regulatorios de la aviación mexicana

Cuerpos reguladores: Grupo Aeroportuario del Pacífico opera bajo la supervisión del Ministerio de Comunicaciones y Transporte mexicano (SCT) y la Agencia Federal de Aviación Civil (AFAC).

Agencia reguladora Supervisión regulatoria clave Estado de cumplimiento
SCT Regulaciones de infraestructura del aeropuerto 100% cumplido
AFAC Estándares de seguridad de la aviación Certificación completa

Acuerdos y concesiones de operación internacional del aeropuerto

Detalles de la concesión: PAC tiene concesiones de operación del aeropuerto para 12 aeropuertos en México, válido hasta 2054.

Ubicación del aeropuerto Expiración de la concesión Tráfico anual de pasajeros (2023)
Guadalajara 2054 14.2 millones
Los Cabos 2054 5.6 millones
Puerto Vallarta 2054 4.9 millones

Adhesión a las regulaciones ambientales y de seguridad

Cumplimiento ambiental: PAC mantiene la certificación ISO 14001: 2015 de gestión ambiental en todos los aeropuertos operados.

  • Objetivo de reducción de emisiones de carbono: 20% para 2030
  • Inversión ambiental anual: $ 5.2 millones
  • Tasa de cumplimiento de la gestión de residuos: 95%

Cambios potenciales en las políticas de privatización del aeropuerto

Paisaje legal: El marco actual de privatización del aeropuerto mexicano permite la participación continua del sector privado.

Aspecto político Estado actual Impacto potencial
Restricciones de inversión extranjera Se permiten hasta 100% de propiedad extranjera Entorno de inversión estable
Mecanismos de renovación de concesión Posibles extensiones basadas en el rendimiento Posibles extensiones de 10 años

Grupo Aeroportuario del PacÍiFo, S.A.B. de C.V. (PAC) - Análisis de mortero: factores ambientales

Compromiso de reducir las emisiones de carbono en las operaciones del aeropuerto

En 2023, Grupo Aeroportuario del Pacífico se comprometió a reducir las emisiones de carbono en un 30% para 2030. La huella de carbono actual de la compañía es de 215,000 toneladas métricas de CO2 equivalente anualmente.

Año Emisiones de carbono (toneladas métricas CO2) Objetivo de reducción
2022 215,000 Año basal
2025 185,000 Reducción del 14%
2030 150,500 Reducción del 30%

Implementación de prácticas de desarrollo de infraestructura sostenible

La compañía invirtió $ 42.5 millones en desarrollo de infraestructura sostenible en 2023, centrándose en prácticas de construcción ecológica en sus 12 aeropuertos en México.

Aeropuerto Inversión de infraestructura verde Características de sostenibilidad
Guadalajara $ 15.2 millones Paneles solares, sistema de reciclaje de agua
Los Cabos $ 8.7 millones Iluminación de eficiencia energética, recolección de agua de lluvia
Puerto Vallarta $ 6.3 millones Techo verde, sistema de gestión de residuos

Invertir en tecnologías verdes para la gestión del aeropuerto

En 2024, PAC asignó $ 22.3 millones para la implementación de tecnología verde en su red de aeropuerto.

  • Equipo de soporte de tierra eléctrica: $ 8.5 millones
  • Sistemas avanzados de gestión de energía: $ 6.7 millones
  • Infraestructura de carga de vehículos eléctricos: $ 4.1 millones
  • Tecnología de gestión de residuos inteligentes: $ 3 millones

Cumplimiento de los estándares ambientales internacionales para la aviación

PAC mantiene el cumplimiento del esquema de compensación y reducción de carbono ICAO para la aviación internacional (Corsia), con 100% de adherencia a las etapas 1 y 2.

Estándar ambiental Nivel de cumplimiento Año de certificación
ISO 14001: 2015 Totalmente cumplido 2022
Corsia Etapa 1 100% Cumplimiento 2021
Corsia Etapa 2 100% Cumplimiento 2023

Grupo Aeroportuario del Pacífico, S.A.B. de C.V. (PAC) - PESTLE Analysis: Social factors

Sustained tourism demand, with Q1 2025 traffic up 4.2% to 16.3 million passengers

The core social factor driving Grupo Aeroportuario del Pacífico, S.A.B. de C.V.'s (PAC) performance is the sustained, robust demand for leisure and business travel to its key destinations. This demand is not just holding steady; it's growing. For the first quarter of 2025 (Q1 2025), PAC reported a total of 16.3 million terminal passengers across its 14 airports, marking a solid 4.2% increase compared to the same period in 2024. That's a strong start to the year.

This growth underscores the enduring appeal of the Mexican Pacific coast and the Caribbean, even as the market matures. The company added 13 new routes during Q1 2025 alone, with 10 of those being international, further solidifying the strong air corridor between Mexico and North America. This continued expansion of connectivity is a clear opportunity.

Here's the quick math on recent traffic trends:

Metric Q1 2025 Value YoY Change (vs. Q1 2024)
Total Terminal Passengers 16.3 million +4.2%
Total Revenues MXP 8.4 billion +26.1%
New Routes Added (Q1 2025) 13 (10 International) N/A

Growing traveler preference for authentic, sustainable experiences and 'coolcationing'

A significant shift in traveler behavior is the growing preference for authentic, sustainable tourism experiences, moving away from purely all-inclusive, mass-market resorts. This trend, often referred to as 'coolcationing'-seeking out less-traveled, culturally rich destinations-is a near-term opportunity for PAC's diverse portfolio.

Mexico's tourism strategy for 2025 is actively supporting this by promoting its Pueblos Mágicos (Magical Towns) with a focus on environmental care and community welfare. The Pacific Coast, where PAC operates major hubs like Puerto Vallarta and Los Cabos, already holds the largest market share in Mexico's sustainable tourism segment, accounting for approximately 34% in 2024 and projected to grow. This means your key airports are positioned to capture higher-value, eco-conscious travelers who typically spend more per trip.

    • Demand authentic cultural immersion.
    • Prioritize eco-conscious and responsible travel.
    • Seek wellness and nature-based activities.

Risk of overtourism in key destinations like Los Cabos, potentially leading to local pushback

While record traffic is good for the bottom line, it creates a social risk of overtourism, which can manifest as local pushback or, more critically, as a security concern that impacts traveler perception. Los Cabos, a major PAC hub, is on track for another record year, projecting around 4.13 million visitors in 2025. This intense growth strains local infrastructure and resources.

More immediately, a severe social risk emerged in October 2025 with reports of public threats targeting U.S. citizens in Los Cabos, linked to organized crime. Even if exaggerated, such high-profile security incidents create an unstable threat environment that can quickly deter high-spending international tourists. This is a defintely a headwind for the Los Cabos International Airport, which saw its passenger traffic decrease by 2.1% in October 2025. You can't ignore a threat that changes a tourist's decision matrix.

Strong cross-border connection via the integrated Cross Border Xpress (CBX) drives Tijuana traffic

The integrated Cross Border Xpress (CBX) is a unique social and operational advantage for Tijuana International Airport. It acts as a secure, 390-foot pedestrian sky bridge connecting the San Diego, California, side directly to the Tijuana terminal. [cite: 4 from previous thought, 12 from previous thought]

This seamless connection taps directly into the vast Southern California market, offering a cost-effective alternative to flying from US airports. Critically, approximately 75% of all CBX users reside in the United States. [cite: 7 from previous thought] This strong cross-border social and economic link is a structural driver of Tijuana's traffic, helping PAC to diversify its passenger base. PAC's proposal in November 2025 to combine the CBX business further shows its strategic importance. Still, you must watch the near-term volatility: Tijuana's passenger traffic dropped by 4.2% in October 2025, which could signal a temporary softening in this key cross-border segment.

Grupo Aeroportuario del Pacífico, S.A.B. de C.V. (PAC) - PESTLE Analysis: Technological factors

The technological landscape for Grupo Aeroportuario del Pacífico (PAC) is defined by massive capital expenditure aimed at capacity expansion and a strategic, $2.2 billion business combination to internalize core technical capabilities. This isn't just about bigger buildings; it's about using technology to manage a surge in passenger volume-over 32.1 million passengers in the first half of 2025 alone-while improving the customer experience and operational efficiency.

US$2.2 billion business combination to internalize technical services, a major 'GAP 2.0' push.

PAC is executing a proposed $2.2 billion business combination, a cornerstone of its 'GAP 2.0' strategic initiative, that will fundamentally change its technological and operational structure. This deal, expected for shareholder approval in December 2025, is designed to internalize the technical assistance and technology transfer services historically provided by an external strategic partner.

Honestly, bringing these services in-house is a smart move. It ensures continuity of critical functions and gives PAC direct control over its technological roadmap as it enters its next phase of growth. Plus, the combination includes the full integration of Cross Border Xpress (CBX), the dollar-denominated landside terminal in San Diego connected to Tijuana International Airport. This integration is a massive technological and strategic advantage, offering a fast, secure, and unique cross-border passenger experience.

Significant investment in new infrastructure like the 74,000 sq. meter Puerto Vallarta terminal.

The company's Master Development Plan (MDP) for 2025-2029 is backed by a historic investment of over MXP 52 billion (approximately US$2.5 billion), with a heavy focus on new infrastructure that incorporates advanced technology. The largest single project is the new Terminal 2 at Puerto Vallarta International Airport, which is projected to be 74,000 square meters.

This expansion represents a 132% increase in the airport's infrastructure, effectively doubling its capacity. What's interesting is the technological and environmental commitment built into the design: the terminal is aiming for LEED Gold certification and is designed to be Latin America's first Zero Energy airport, leveraging solar panels and efficient water management systems.

MDP 2025-2029 Investment Focus Impact on Operations/Technology Key Metric (Average Increase)
Terminal Building Expansions Increased passenger flow capacity and modern terminal technology. 50% increase in terminal capacity
Inspection Points Upgrade Enhanced security and faster passenger processing technology. 45% increase in inspection points
Airfield Improvements Better air traffic management and ground operations efficiency. 20% expansion of airfield

Need for continuous upgrade of security and passenger processing technology to handle capacity increases.

Passenger traffic growth-like the 4.2% year-over-year increase in the first half of 2025-demands continuous technological upgrades to avoid bottlenecks. Security and processing technology are where the rubber meets the road for customer satisfaction.

PAC is addressing this directly with targeted investments. For instance, the modernization of the Puerto Vallarta terminal included the installation of autonomous migratory filters, which significantly speed up the passenger process without sacrificing security. Also, the Guanajuato International Airport's investment of over MXP 2.8 billion includes adding two new lines at the Passenger Inspection Point to manage growing volume.

Digital transformation is crucial for improving customer experience and operational efficiency.

Digital transformation isn't an abstract goal here; it's an action plan tied to hard infrastructure. The entire MDP is explicitly designed to 'enhance passenger experience' and 'strengthen the connectivity' of the regions.

The integration of CBX is a prime example of a technological solution driving customer experience. It provides a seamless, high-tech connector between the US and Mexico, a service that is a major draw for traffic at Tijuana International Airport. We are seeing a shift from simply managing an airport to managing a full-service travel ecosystem.

  • Internalize technical services for better operational control.
  • Integrate CBX for unique cross-border passenger convenience.
  • Install autonomous filters to defintely speed up immigration.
  • Increase inspection points by 45% to handle passenger volume.

Here's the quick math: more capacity (like the doubled capacity at Puerto Vallarta) only works if the technology can process the increased flow. That's why the investment in inspection and processing tech is so critical right now.

Grupo Aeroportuario del Pacífico, S.A.B. de C.V. (PAC) - PESTLE Analysis: Legal factors

Maximum Tariffs and Master Development Programs (MDPs)

The core of Grupo Aeroportuario del Pacífico, S.A.B. de C.V. (PAC)'s revenue stability in Mexico rests on its concession contracts, which require a regulatory review of Maximum Tariffs and Master Development Programs (MDPs) every five years. The Federal Civil Aviation Agency (AFAC) concluded this process in August 2024, approving the MDP and tariffs for the 2025-2029 period. This five-year visibility is defintely a plus for long-term planning.

For 2025, the AFAC set the maximum tariffs per workload unit in Mexican pesos (MXN) for PAC's key airports. For instance, the maximum tariff for Guadalajara International Airport is 349.44 pesos, and for Tijuana International Airport, it is 266.45 pesos. The entire MDP for the five-year period commits PAC to a substantial investment of 43.18 billion pesos across its twelve Mexican airports. This commitment is legally binding, so failure to execute the investment plan can trigger penalties or contract adjustments. It's a classic regulatory bargain: stable revenue caps in exchange for mandatory capital deployment.

Mexican Airport 2025 Maximum Tariff (MXN per Workload Unit) 2026-2030 Capital Development Program (Montego Bay)
Guadalajara 349.44 Investment: $118.1 million (USD)
Tijuana 266.45 2026 Max Passenger Charge: $17.38 (USD)
Los Cabos 524.20 2030 Max Passenger Charge: $19.07 (USD)
Puerto Vallarta 522.06 Concession Extension: Montego Bay extended to March 2034

Legal Uncertainty from Mexican Judicial Reforms

A significant near-term risk for all private sector entities in Mexico, including PAC, stems from the sweeping judicial reforms enacted in late 2024 and implemented through 2025. The most impactful change is the popular election of all federal and state judges, which began with a vote in June 2025. This shift from a merit-based appointment system to a direct electoral one introduces a high degree of legal uncertainty (diminished legal certainty).

For a concessionaire like PAC, this means the judicial branch-the final arbiter of contract disputes and regulatory challenges-may become politicized. Private sector confidence could erode because newly elected judges, potentially lacking deep commercial or technical experience, might be less predictable in upholding contracts or ruling against government interests. This risk is compounded by the fact that the complete replacement of all federal and local judges is set to occur in 2025 and 2027.

CBX and Technical Services Internalization Approval

PAC is executing a major strategic initiative, 'GAP 2.0,' which involves a proposed $2.2 billion business combination to internalize technical services and fully integrate the Cross Border Xpress (CBX) terminal at Tijuana International Airport. This is a complex transaction, crossing two jurisdictions (Mexico and the U.S.), and it requires significant legal and corporate approvals.

The deal is structured to consolidate affiliated entities and secure 100% ownership of CBX. It is expected to be submitted for formal shareholder approval in December 2025. The financial benefit of internalizing the Technical Assistance Agreement (TAA) is clear: estimated pre-tax annual savings equivalent to approximately 5% of Mexican airport EBITDA, which translates to roughly US$50.8 million based on LTM 9M25 (Last Twelve Months ending September 2025) figures. Regulatory approvals in the U.S., such as CFIUS and HSR clearances, have already been secured, but the final corporate vote is the critical legal hurdle remaining.

Jamaica's Common Law Framework

PAC's operations in Jamaica-Sangster International Airport (Montego Bay) and Norman Manley International Airport (Kingston)-fall under a different legal regime: the English common law system. This system is generally viewed as more transparent and predictable for foreign investors than Mexico's civil law system, but it can sometimes be slow in dispute resolution.

The regulatory relationship with the Airports Authority of Jamaica (AAJ) is dynamic, as seen in the July 2024 concession contract modifications to account for COVID-19 impacts.

  • The Montego Bay concession period was extended by one year, now expiring in March 2034.
  • The Right over Concessioned Assets fee for Kingston Airport was favorably adjusted from 62.01% to 53.22% of total revenues.

This demonstrates that while the framework is stable, contractual negotiations and regulatory adjustments are a constant part of the legal landscape. The Jamaican Chief Justice has publicly stated a goal for the country to become a 'first-class legal system' and a regional dispute resolution center, which is a positive signal for long-term foreign investment.

Grupo Aeroportuario del Pacífico, S.A.B. de C.V. (PAC) - PESTLE Analysis: Environmental factors

You need to map out the environmental factors for Grupo Aeroportuario del Pacífico, S.A.B. de C.V. (PAC), and the biggest near-term risk is definitely climate-related operational disruption, but the long-term opportunity is tied to its measurable carbon management strategy. PAC is actively managing its environmental footprint, but extreme weather events are already hitting the bottom line, demanding immediate attention to climate resilience.

Here's the quick math: the US$2.6 billion investment over five years is the defintely the biggest lever for future growth, but it's all conditional on navigating the political and regulatory environment successfully. Finance: track the final approval and funding structure for the US$2.2 billion CBX/technical services deal immediately.

Direct operational risk from extreme weather, evidenced by Hurricane Melissa's impact in October 2025.

Climate change is no longer a theoretical risk; it's an immediate operational and financial threat. The passage of Hurricane Melissa, a Category 5 storm, in October 2025 clearly demonstrated this, forcing the suspension of operations at the two Jamaican airports managed by PAC: Kingston Airport and Montego Bay Airport. The impact was significant because the Jamaican airports represent a material portion of the company's business, accounting for 11.0% of PAC's total passenger traffic and 8.8% of consolidated EBITDA during the first nine months of 2025.

The operational disruption was not uniform. Kingston Airport resumed commercial operations on October 30, 2025, but Montego Bay Airport suffered more severe damage, keeping operations suspended longer for structural and electrical assessments. This directly translated to a sharp drop in passenger traffic for October 2025, which you need to factor into your Q4 projections.

Airport Operational Status (Oct 2025) Passenger Traffic Decline (Oct 2025 vs. Oct 2024)
Montego Bay Airport Operations remained suspended due to damage 17.6% decline
Kingston Airport Resumed commercial operations Oct 30, 2025 13.0% decline

All airports participate in the Airport Carbon Accreditation (ACA) program to manage emissions.

PAC uses the Airport Carbon Accreditation (ACA) program (a global carbon management certification for airports) as its main tool for measuring and reducing its carbon footprint. All of PAC's airports in Mexico and Jamaica are participants in the program, though they are at different stages of the journey. This is essential for maintaining a credible environmental, social, and governance (ESG) profile with institutional investors.

  • Three key airports have reached the Level 3 ('Optimization') phase, which requires engaging third parties (like airlines and service providers) in the carbon reduction effort.
  • The remaining airports are at the initial Level 1 ('Mapping') phase, where the carbon footprint is measured and documented.

The goal is to continue advancing through the levels-'Neutrality', 'Transformation', and 'Transition'-to align with global climate targets, but progress here requires capital investment and buy-in from the entire value chain. It's a multi-year effort.

Mandatory ESG reporting follows international standards (GRI, SASB, IFRS S1/S2) for transparency.

To meet the rising demand for non-financial disclosure, PAC is aligning its reporting with the most stringent global frameworks. The 2024 Sustainability Report, released in July 2025, confirms this commitment to transparency.

The report was prepared in accordance with the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) Standards and the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB) framework. Furthermore, PAC has taken the initial step of considering the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) S1 and S2, issued by the International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB). This is a strong signal to the market that PAC is preparing for the future of mandatory climate-related financial disclosures (IFRS S2), which will translate climate risks and opportunities into hard financial numbers.

Focus on resource management, including wastewater treatment and reducing energy consumption.

Beyond carbon emissions, PAC's environmental strategy prioritizes responsible resource consumption, particularly water and energy, which are critical operational costs. The company has invested in infrastructure to manage water scarcity and contamination risks.

  • Water Management: PAC has renewed and increased the capacity of its wastewater plants across its network to ensure the treatment of all discharges from the airports. The treated water is then reused for activities like irrigation of green areas, which reduces reliance on local potable water supplies.
  • Energy Efficiency: Actions to reduce electrical energy consumption include automating air conditioning systems, installing presence detectors and lighting sensors, and maximizing the use of natural light in terminals.

These measures are designed to reduce the overall environmental impact and also provide a clear operational benefit by lowering utility costs, helping to mitigate the annual efficiency factor adjustment in the maximum tariff structure. The continuous monitoring of water quality is a non-negotiable compliance requirement.


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